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 It is always easier to prevent a disease than to cure it. Therefore, it is difficult to overestimate the importance of prevention. To some extent, it must be more important than symptomatic treatment. With a reasonable, reasonable and competent approach to preventing childhood diseases, the latter can be minimized. Consider measures for the prevention of childhood diseases such as:
• infectious diseases;
• acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI);
• gastrointestinal infections;
• chronic childhood diseases (rickets, exudative diathesis) and chronic infections (tuberculosis and rheumatism);
• skin diseases.
 Three components of success in the prevention of infectious diseases are:
• hygiene;
• active lifestyle of the child;
• limiting contact with patients.
From childhood, it is necessary to cultivate in a child a love of cleanliness. The kid must remember that washing his hands after a walk, after visiting the toilet room and before eating is his most sacred duty, which he simply cannot forget. Teach him to do this with games and verses, for example, wash and sentence:
"My, my chimney sweep
Clean, clean, clean, clean!
There will be, there will be a chimney sweep
Clean, clean, clean, clean. "
You can tell your baby about the microbes that "live" on his palms and face. Better yet, draw them, then the child himself will run to the bathroom to wash his hands. Parents should make sure that each child has a personal toothbrush, toothpaste, and a towel. In addition to personal hygiene, food preparation hygiene is of course essential. Use only boiled water, high quality food. Cooking time is also important.
An active lifestyle (physical development, hardening, long walks, rest) allows you to form immunity to all kinds of diseases. Monitor your wakefulness and sleep patterns. Since insufficient rest of the child weakens the resistance of his body. Once again, it is necessary to mention nutrition. The child's diet should contain vegetables and fruits. In spring and autumn, it is especially important to use vitamin and mineral complexes.
Infectious diseases are transmitted according to the scheme: "from sick to healthy". Therefore, it is important to minimize this contact. If this is not possible, wear gauze bandages, ventilate the room several times a day, in case of illness, do not allow children to use shared toys and personal hygiene products.
SARS are the most common diseases, they are very contagious, transmitted, most often, by airborne droplets. Therefore, when visiting kindergarten, clinics, etc. (especially in winter during the flu epidemic) the risk of getting sick is very high. The only preventive measure for ARVI is hardening. Ventilate children's rooms several times a day, carry out wet cleaning, if possible, use a mercury-quartz lamp. If the child is sick, carry out all the above actions, do not forget about the individuality of the patient's hygiene products.
Prevention of gastrointestinal infections consists in hygiene of premises, hygiene of preparation and consumption of food. We will once again mention boiled water, about the cooking time of products. Fruits and vegetables after washing it is necessary to pour over with boiling water. Remember that flies, mice and rats are carriers of infections. The kitchen must be kept clean.
In the first year of a child's life, prevention of rickets is especially necessary. Rickets prevention measures include:
• breastfeeding (if possible);
• long street walks;
• sleeping in the fresh air;
• as prescribed by the pediatrician - vitamin D, food supplements,
• massage, gymnastics, rubdown.
Sometimes, a pediatrician may prescribe a quartz lamp irradiation, especially during the winter. In addition, the diet of a nursing mother should be varied and balanced, rich in foods with vitamin D. It is mandatory to take vitamins for lactating women.
The main measure for the prevention of exudative diathesis is adherence to the nursing mother hypoallergenic diet... Exclude from the diet such foods as: cocoa and its derivatives, coffee, citrus fruits, mushrooms, honey, peas, strawberries, raspberries, strawberries etc. Try not to eat very spicy, salty, sour, fatty, steam. It is very important to organize the correct feeding of the baby, i.e. observe the feeding regimen, do not overfeed the baby.
The best measure to prevent tuberculosis is vaccination (Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG)). Vaccinations must be done in a timely manner as prescribed and after examination by a pediatrician. They are tested annually for the Mantoux reaction. Tuberculosis is becoming an increasingly common disease every year, so take vaccination with all the responsibility.
The best prevention of rheumatism is a healthy lifestyle for a child. Long walks, restful sleep, a diet rich in vitamins, physical activity, adherence to the rules of personal hygiene lead to the formation of strong immunity to diseases and strengthen the health of the child. Since the causative agent of the disease is streptococcus, it is necessary to timely and carefully monitor the condition of the teeth, tonsils and nasopharynx, because most often, the pathogen is located in these foci.
The measures for the prevention of skin diseases in children include:
• observance of the rules of hygiene of the body, clothing and home;
• nutrition fortified with vitamins and minerals with the identification of food allergens.
Skin diseases, especially fungal, pustular and viral diseases, are highly contagious and are easily transmitted by contact. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize communication with patients and monitor compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.
To prevent skin diseases such as scabies, you need to carefully monitor the health of your pets.
We hope that these preventive measures will be helpful. And the main result of your efforts will be healthy and happy children's faces!
Makarenkova Z.N.
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