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 Coffee is exactly where many of us start every morning. Some people have coffee all day long. And some do not use this drink at all. And everyone is right in their own way. The benefits and harms, about real sorts of coffee and fakes, about exquisite methods of preparation, etc. will be discussed further in the material.
There are two main types of coffee - Arabica and Robusta. Experts note that the first variety is popular among the population. This is evidenced even by the share of Arabica, which is about 75% of world production. We have 85% of the consumed coffee - instant, 15% - natural.
The gourmet approach to the choice of coffee is balanced, so most consumers abandon their usual brand and choose a cheap one, only as a last resort. If they switch to another brand, then with a certain curiosity and interest in a new taste, no more. According to the rules of etiquette, coffee should be served at the end of the meal. The most refined coffee should not be hotter than 50-60 C. Black coffee has a very good "slide" of chocolate. This is how it is served in the best Parisian restaurants. If your favorite drink itself has a "bitterness", then the Italian version will do - serve water with coffee.
Coffee must be consumed responsibly and in moderation.
Opinions of doctors differ regarding the effect of coffee on the human body. Most cardiologists follow the cautious advice not to get carried away. Those who do not know the measures for drinking coffee may be threatened by a rapid pulse, heart rhythm disturbances. Coffee is also contraindicated for patients with glaucoma (increases intraocular pressure), for pregnant and lactating mothers with breast milk (decreases in the amount of milk). Patients with stomach diseases should avoid drinking coffee on an empty stomach.
 Despite this, all manufacturers unanimously declare that coffee is a safe drink. Cardiologists say coffee should be consumed responsibly and in moderation. Taking caffeine 30-60 minutes before bed makes it worse. Caffeine enhances some of the effects of alcohol, which disproves the opinion that it acts as an "antidote" for alcohol intoxication. At the same time, a large dose of caffeine (10 grams) can be a lethal dose of caffeine, it is fatal.
Other doctors are said to be coffee lovers. After all, it contains fiber, proteins, coffee oil, magnesium, manganese, iodine, calcium, iron, phosphorus. The peel of coffee contains many essential fragrant oils, the aroma of which stimulates the nervous system, improves mood, drives away sleep and fatigue, and sharpens attention.
However, everyone agrees that the effect of coffee depends on how much you drink it. According to research, 300-500 mg of caffeine per day does not harm human health.
But still it turns out that in the conversation about the benefits and dangers of coffee, as before, there are many mysteries. Therefore, in anticipation of new scientific discoveries, it is best to remember the golden mean, which most experts adhere to: daily, you can safely drink three to four cups of coffee.
Arabica is the leader in sales
It is known that coffee is one of the objects of world trade, which ranks second after oil in terms of sales. The most important types of coffee that are made from the fruits of the Arabian and Congolese coffee trees are Arabica and Robusta. Accordingly, these types are also divided into different varieties, which differ in their taste and aroma characteristics, as well as in price. The most popular coffee is, of course, Arabica, the cost of which fluctuates. Robusta is a little cheaper. More Arabica is sold, so specialty stores are buying less Robusta.
Arabica differs from robusta in that it is the leader in the number of varieties, in the sale and production of coffee beans, and robusta is the second in popularity, it has a high content of caffeine in beans. If Arabica has a rich aroma, less astringent taste and noble sourness, then Robusta does not have a pronounced aroma, it is more durable and viscous. Arabica is used as unmixed coffee, but robusta is used for the production of instant coffee as an additive to coffee blends to add strength to the drink.
Such types of coffee as liberica and excelsa are of lower quality, because the beans from these coffee trees are used for various mixtures, and therefore coffee is cheaper.
The quality of the coffee depends on the price.
With the growing popularity of coffee, various devices began to appear that are used to prepare drinks. In the 19th century, Viennese siphons were used. Today, coffee makers are used to make coffee, Turks, express cars.
In prestigious establishments that offer expensive coffee, there must be a barista, a person who works at the bar and is a coffee specialist. That is, we are talking about a person who performs the functions of a bartender, but does not deal with alcohol and cocktails. The taste of coffee depends on a real barista, because he must know all types of coffee, the origin of the beans, and also be able to balance the grind, water temperature, pressure in the coffee machine, the amount of coffee per cup, tamping force and time of passage of water, etc. .d.
It is known that the image of coffee houses is created by natural expensive quality coffee... Natural coffee beans are of high quality and have a unique taste.
Coffee machines can be seen in public places. The coffee in these vending machines is not entirely tasty and not necessarily of high quality, because the visitor, taking coffee, does not know that they have fallen asleep inside. Although the coffee from the coffee machine is cheaper. There are also coffee machines that use coffee tablets (ground coffee, packed in paper filters). Typically, tablet coffee is brewed in a specially adapted coffee machine, which, under pressure, passes water through the tablet coffee, preparing an excellent espresso drink.
What to look for when choosing
The coffee market is quite oversaturated. When choosing coffee in stores, eyes run up. How to choose quality coffee and what to look for?
It is best to buy coffee in branded or specialized stores of well-known companies or those that have proven themselves well. Experts say that it is better to buy coffee beans and grind in small portions. If the coffee is ground, then the good aroma does not last long. Coffee can absorb a variety of aromas from onions, perfumes, and gasoline, so it is best to store it in an airtight container. The less air in the packaging where the coffee is stored, the better.
Packaging and appearance play an important role. Good coffee is coffee that is packaged in glass or tin, but never in a plastic can. It is also worth paying attention to the composition, because pits from dates or oranges, possibly even peas and barley, can be added to coffee. Having bought coffee, you can conduct the following experiment: pour coffee into cold water, pure coffee will stay on the surface, and after a certain time impurities will settle to the bottom.
On the packaging you can read information about the manufacturer, for example, Russia, Italy, Germany, etc. But in fact, first they buy unroasted fresh coffee beans from Brazil, India, Kenya and Colombia, then they roast, grind and mix in arbitrary proportions to create a new taste. Then they are packed - and on the shelves.
Those people who drink coffee, without objection, recognize whether it is fresh. To do this, you need to bring the vacuum package to your nose and feel the aroma: if you feel a bitter smell, then it is not advisable to buy such coffee.
Popular coffee drinks
Coffee drinks such as espresso, cappuccino (a frothy mixture of espresso and boiled milk in equal proportions. For making cappuccino whole milk is used), latte (a coffee drink that includes milk and a generous amount of frothed milk on top, more of it than a cappuccino). Of course, every establishment that sells coffee has its own secret of making a signature coffee drink.
Inna Ivolgina
About coffee makers
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