Hygiene requirements for children's clothing

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Hygiene requirements for children's clothingClothing delays the release of heat from the body, protects the skin from dirt and damage. In cold, rainy seasons, clothing should protect the body from excessive heat loss. The heat-retaining properties of clothing depend primarily on whether the fabric from which it is made conducts heat well or poorly.

One of the bad conductors of heat is air. Therefore, fabrics that have a large number of fibers and pores, between which there is air, retain heat better.
Clothing should also provide air exchange between the surface of the body and the outside temperature and absorb skin secretions well.

Woolen and some types of cotton fabrics meet these hygienic requirements.

Many parents believe that it is better to dress children in wool, silk, velvet, plush. However, it must be remembered that all these fabrics after washing significantly lose their valuable qualities and strength. And children's clothing, especially for toddlers, preschool and primary school children, should be washed frequently in hot water. Therefore, cotton fabrics such as flannel, bumazeya, bikes are much more suitable for sewing a warm dress, and various light fabrics of light colors for summer dresses: chintz, Maya, volta, veil, cambric and others.

For children, do not sew clothes made of leather and rubberized fabrics, as these materials are almost impervious to air. A large amount of moisture accumulates under such clothes, the laundry becomes wet.

The cut of children's clothing is very important. Clothes that are too wide and too long interfere with the child's movements and make them clumsy. Tight clothing impedes breathing, digestion, blood circulation, and can contribute to the disruption of the correct body shapes in children, especially young children. Therefore, tight belts, bras squeezing the chest, high tight collars, bandages, elastic bands that intercept the legs are harmful to health. Skirts, pants and trousers must be sewn on the straps.

The cut of clothing should be appropriate for the child's age and body proportions. In properly cut clothes, the main weight of the dress falls on the shoulders.

In appearance, clothing should be beautiful and graceful.

This is achieved by the simplicity of the cut, the colors of the fabrics and the decoration. An example of simple and elegant children's clothing is a school uniform.

A dress made in the "fashionable" style of adults is not suitable for children. The pretentious design of a children's dress and imitation of the styles of adults leads to a decrease in the hygienic usefulness of clothing. Children's clothes should be sewn without unnecessary folds, gathers and ruffles, which complicate the daily cleaning of the dress.

During the cold season, children should wear two layers of clothing (underwear and suit) indoors, and outdoors - from three layers (underwear, suit, coat).

Excessive wrapping of children is harmful even on very cold days. Many parents are afraid to catch a cold for their children and make them wear extra woolen jumpers, sweatshirts, quilted jackets, etc. over their dresses. This only pampered the child and favors the occurrence of so-called colds. As soon as a wrapped child runs and plays a little, he gets hot, he sweats, and this helps to cool the body.

In summer, it is recommended for children to wear one layer clothing that leaves as much of the body as possible naked.

Hygiene requirements for children's clothingThe clothes of a child up to three to four months of age consist of a thin shirt or undershirt (made of cambric, madapolam), wrapped in the back, and a slightly looser blouse made of flannel, bike or knitted, buttoned in front.Then, leaving his hands free, the child is wrapped in two thin (madapolam, bleaching calico) diapers and one flannel.

Such clothes for a child are quite sufficient at a normal room temperature of 18 degrees. If the room temperature is lower, the child should be covered with a fleece blanket up to the armpits.

From three to four months of age, instead of wrapping a child in diapers, it is recommended to wear long loose pants sewn at the bottom. The pants are held on straps that fasten to the front belt. Such a suit allows the child to move his legs freely, and then crawl.

When the child begins to walk, they put on an undershirt, bra, warm blouse (flannel, woolen, knitted), pants, stockings and soft shoes or boots. Stockings should be fastened to the sides with elastic bands. Shoes or boots are made of thick fabric or thin leather, completely free at the toes. The head should be left uncovered while in the room.

For outdoor walks, a baby is put on a knitted cap on his head and wrapped upside down in a warm cotton blanket, leaving his face open. It is good to sew a warm quilted sleeping bag for walking.
In summer, the baby's clothes consist of a light undershirt and two diapers or a light undershirt and pants.

The underwear of girls and boys of preschool and school age consists of a shirt and pants. The latter in older boys are replaced by pants and panties. Pants should be loose so as not to restrict movement and prevent friction of the genitals. The pants are fastened to the bra or held with straps. The bodice should not squeeze the chest.

Teenage girls with developed breasts need to sew special bras. For teenage girls, a belt with four elastic bands is also recommended to support the stockings.

Bottom shirts are made knee length with a spacious collar and sleeves. For girls, shirts are usually sewn without sleeves, but for winter it is more advisable for girls to make shirts with sleeves. This protects the woolen dress from contamination by various skin secretions.

At night, underwear must be removed and hung in order to ventilate. The nightgown is sewn almost to the feet, with sleeves.

Laundry should be sewn from white fabrics. The best material is cotton crepe, madapolam, cambric, bleach. These fabrics meet basic hygiene requirements, are easy to wash, do not deteriorate from boiling. It's a good idea to use knitted underwear.

Linen must be changed at least once a week, and stockings, socks, subject to daily washing of the feet, twice a week.

Outer suits for autumn, winter and spring - dresses for girls, jackets and trousers for boys - are best made from dark fabrics, which have the highest thermal insulation properties. The coat for autumn and spring is sewn from light cloth with a thin lining, and for winter - on cotton wool with a fur collar. The size of the latter should be such that in severe frosts the child can protect the neck, ears, cheeks and nose from the cold.

It is not recommended to make fur coats or fur coats for children, since such a coat is much heavier than a wool coat. Children get hot in it.

Summer dresses are sewn loose, with a wide neckline and short sleeves. The best clothing for preschool and primary school children on hot days is panties. On cooler days, boys wear a short-sleeved shirt and girls wear a short dress.

Hygiene requirements for children's clothingFor teenage girls, a sundress is recommended for summer, exposing the hands, neck and part of the back, for teenage boys - short trousers, shirts with a neckline and short sleeves.

The headpiece, as well as the dress, must correspond to the season and climatic conditions.

For winter, the best headdress is a fur hat with earflaps or a woolen hat on a quilted lining.In spring and autumn, boys are advised to wear lightly lined caps, and girls are advised to wear a felt or cloth beret.

In summer, the headgear should protect the head from direct sunlight. For preschoolers and school-age boys, a cap with a visor or a panama hat made of straw, canvas, light-colored pique is recommended. Schoolgirls, just like preschoolers, can wear panamas.

Children's shoes also require special attention from parents. Shoes with their size and style should not interfere with the development of the foot. Tight and short shoes make it difficult to walk, squeezes the leg, causes pain and changes the shape of the leg over time, as the toes curl up, find one another, calluses and abrasions form. In tight shoes it is colder in winter, because there is almost no air layer around the foot. In addition, tight shoes squeeze the blood vessels of the foot and thus interfere with normal nutrition and heating.

Shoes that are too loose are also harmful. She rubs her feet and causes abrasions. Children's shoes should be sized exactly to the length and width of the foot. The heel should be made wide, 1.5-2 cm high.

High heels are bad for girls, especially younger ones. The foot is vaulted. When walking, the arch stretches elastically. In shoes with high heels, the emphasis is transferred to the toes; gait becomes unsteady. In order not to fall forward, you have to tilt your body back. This deviation of the trunk back at an age when the bones of the pelvis have not yet healed, causes a change in the shape of the pelvis, which may in the future affect the birth function.

The best material for winter shoes is leather, and for summer shoes - prunel, canvas. In shoes with rubber soles with a leather insole, you should also put an insole made of highly absorbent fabric.

Sandals and slippers are recommended for summer.

Rubber slippers and patent leather shoes are not suitable for children, because in such shoes heat transfer and removal of sweat generated by the skin of the feet is much more difficult.

It is better to wear boots only on frosty winter days outdoors. When returning to the premises (school, house), you must take off your boots and put on light shoes.

In autumn, winter and spring, over boots should be put on galoshes or boots.

Clothes and shoes should be ventilated, dried and brushed daily. School-age children are required to do this themselves.

These are the hygienic requirements for children's clothing.

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